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很多雅思考生都有这样的困惑:
- “我词汇和语法都还可以,但口语写作就是不够地道,总觉得差点意思…”
- “写出来的句子很中式,考官能听懂但明显不自然…”
- “明明意思差不多,但native speaker说的句子就是更流畅、更高级!”
其实,这些问题背后很可能藏着一个被大多数中国考生忽视的关键点——“it”作主语的使用习惯差异!
今天我们就来彻底讲透:为什么“it”作主语能让你的雅思表达更地道?你踩了哪些中式思维的坑?以及如何高效学会用“it”提升口语写作分数?
一、为什么你总感觉“差点意思”?可能是因为你不用“it”作主语!
现象:中国考生爱直接翻译中文主语,母语者却偏爱“it”
举个例子:“早睡早起对身体好。”
-
你可能直接翻译成(中式英语):
Early to bed and early to rise is good for health.
(语法没错,但非常不自然,像“翻译腔”) -
母语者更习惯说(地道表达):
It is good for your health to go to bed early and get up early.
(用“it”作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的“to go to bed...”)
本质区别:
- 中文思维
我们习惯直接把“具体事情”(比如“早睡早起”)当主语,句子结构更“直接”。
- 英语思维
英语母语者遇到抽象概念、评价、普遍事实时,更倾向于用 “it”作形式主语,把真正的主语(通常是动词不定式/从句)往后放,让句子更流畅、逻辑更清晰。
常见误区:你以为这样写很高级,其实很“中式”
很多考生为了追求“高级句式”,会写出这样的句子:
To master vocabulary is the key to IELTS success.
(语法正确,但非常不自然!考官一眼就能看出是“中式翻译”)
更地道的表达其实是:
It is the key to IELTS success to master vocabulary.(稍好)
Mastering vocabulary is the key to IELTS success.(更好,用动名词作主语)
It’s crucial that you build a strong vocabulary for IELTS.(最自然,口语写作通用)
问题根源: 直接按中文语序翻译“动词+宾语”当主语,而英语母语者会用“it”来“包装”这个抽象概念,让句子更符合英语逻辑!
二、“it”作主语到底有多重要?直接影响雅思分数!
1. 雅思评分标准里明确要求的语法点!
雅思写作和口语的语法多样性与准确性评分项中,明确要求考生:
能使用多种句型结构,包括 形式主语句(it作主语)、被动语态、从句、非谓语动词 等。
能自然表达 抽象概念、观点评价、复杂逻辑,而不是只会简单句或直接翻译中文语序。
如果你只会写:
Reading books is good.(简单句+直接主语,句型单一)
而高手会写:
It is universally acknowledged that reading books enhances critical thinking.(形式主语+观点表达)
It is through reading that we gain diverse perspectives.(强调句+抽象概念)
后者不仅语法更丰富,表达也更地道、高级,直接拉开分数档次!
2. 口语写作中高频出现的“it”用法,你却很少用!
以下这些 “it”作主语的超高频句型,在雅思真题和native speaker的日常表达中随处可见,但很多中国考生几乎不用:
| 功能 | 句型结构 | 雅思高频例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 表达观点/评价 | It is + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth. | It is essential to practice speaking every day. |
| It is + adj. + that 从句 | It is obvious that technology impacts our lives deeply. | |
| It seems/appears that... | It seems that online learning is here to stay. | |
| It is believed/said/thought that... | It is believed that art fosters creativity. | |
| 引出现象/事实 | It is common for... | It is common for students to feel stressed before exams. |
| It is normal to... | It is normal to make mistakes when learning a language. | |
| 谈论天气/时间/距离(口语必备) | It is + 天气/时间/情况 | It is raining today. It takes 2 hours to get there. |
| 强调“做某事是…” | It is + adj./n. + to do sth. | It is beneficial to learn a second language. |
| 表达“有人认为…,有人认为…”(Task 2经典) | It is argued that... / Some people think... | It is argued that social media does more harm than good. |
这些句型有多重要?
写作Task 2:几乎每篇范文的高分开头、观点句、总结句都在用!
口语Part 3:回答抽象问题(比如“你认为科技好不好?”“教育应该怎么改?”)时,用“it”句型能瞬间提升逻辑流畅度!
三、如何拯救你的“it”主语使用能力?3步高效练习法!
方法1:背熟5-10个高频“it”句型,每天造句!
以下这些句型 雅思考生一定要掌握,建议收藏并每天练习:
-
It is + adj. + to do sth.(评价某事的性质)
→ It is important to stay consistent when learning English. -
It is + adj. + that 从句(表达观点/事实)
→ It is clear that practice makes perfect. -
It seems/appears that...(委婉表达观点)
→ It seems that more people prefer remote work nowadays. -
It is believed/said that...(引用他人观点)
→ It is believed that music improves memory. -
It is common/normal for...(描述普遍现象)
→ It is common for teenagers to use social media daily. -
It takes + 时间/精力 + to do sth.(口语高频)
→ It takes time to build a good habit. -
It is + n. + to do sth.(强调价值)
→ It is a smart move to start preparing early.
练习建议: 每天选2个句型,结合雅思常考话题(教育、科技、环保等)造2-3个句子,坚持1周就能看到明显进步!
方法2:翻译训练——把“中文直接主语”句改成“it”主语句!
步骤:
- 想一个中文观点/现象(比如:“早睡早起对身体好”“学习英语很重要”)
- 先按中文语序直接翻译成英文(你会发现很中式!)
→ Early to bed and early to rise is good for health. - 再改成“it”作主语的地道表达!
→ It is good for your health to go to bed early and get up early.
再来几个例子:
-
中文:“保持乐观很重要。”
→ 中式翻译:To keep optimistic is important.()
→ 地道表达:It is important to stay optimistic.() -
中文:“很多人认为孩子应该从小学英语。”
→ 中式翻译:Many people think that children should learn English from a young age.(普通)
→ 地道表达:It is believed that children should learn English from a young age.( 更自然)
每天练3句,逐渐摆脱“翻译腔”!
方法3:模仿native speaker的表达(输入决定输出!)
推荐材料:
- 雅思写作范文(Band 8-9):重点观察开头段、观点句、总结句里的“it”结构。
- BBC 6 Minute English :听native如何用“it”引入话题、表达观点。
技巧: 看到含有“it”的句子,停下来分析:
- 这里的“it”指代的是什么?
- 如果不用“it”,句子会变成什么样?
- 我能不能模仿这个句型,用在雅思话题里?
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