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北京朗阁培训中心:SSAT阅读题型全解析:附真题实例

发表时间:2025-05-08 16:06:56

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SSAT,即美国中学入学考试,作为申请美国、加拿大私立中学的重要门槛,其阅读部分常常让考生们倍感压力。这部分不仅要求考生具备扎实的英语基础,还考验他们的逻辑思维与快速分析能力。接下来,让我们通过真题深入剖析SSAT阅读的常见题型。

词汇题

词汇题旨在考查考生根据上下文推测单词或短语含义的能力,这不仅要求考生有一定的词汇量储备,更要能灵活运用,结合语境理解词义。

• 真题示例:在一篇关于科学实验的文章中提到 “The complex apparatus used in the experiment was a marvel of modern engineering”,题目提问 “In line X, 'apparatus' means”,选项有A. plan  B. equipment  C. theory  D. result 。在这里,根据“用于实验中”以及“现代工程的杰作”这些上下文线索,可判断出“apparatus”意为“设备”,答案是B。

主旨题

主旨题是SSAT阅读的必考题型 ,主要有概括中心思想、寻找作者意图、确定文章标题这三种考查形式。解答这类题,关键在于把握文章整体脉络,锁定关键词。

• 真题示例:一篇讲述不同代际特点对比的文章,开头指出 “Social scientists agree that everyone in a generation is not identical. Nevertheless, many demographers assert that generalizations about the distinct characters of birth groups are helpful for social analysis”,接着以千禧一代为例阐述。题目 “The passage is mainly about”,选项有A. The differences between different generations(不同代际之间的差异) B. The unique characteristics of the Millennial Generation(千禧一代的独特特征) C. The importance of studying birth groups in social analysis(在社会分析中研究出生群体的重要性) 。文章重点强调研究出生群体对社会分析有帮助,所以答案是C。

观点题

观点题一般有两种考查形式,一是对通篇文章作者观点与态度的考查,通常可通过重点段(多数为首段或尾段)来判断;二是对局部语句观点态度的考查,这需要考生精准理解相关语句,通过关键形容词等修饰词揣摩作者态度。

• 真题示例:在一篇探讨环保政策的文章中,作者提到 “The new environmental policy, although well-intentioned, has some flaws that need to be addressed”。题目提问 “What is the author's attitude towards the new environmental policy?”,选项有A. completely supportive(完全支持) B. neutral(中立) C. critical but with hope for improvement(批判但希望改进) D. strongly opposed(强烈反对) 。从“虽然出发点是好的,但有需要解决的缺陷”能看出作者的态度是批判但希望改进,答案为C。

细节题

细节题考查考生对阅读信息的处理与细节定位能力。干扰项常常有:文章出现的原有细节但位置叙述错误、相近词曲解原意、矛盾论述、凭空捏造叙述或推理、扩大程度夸大描述改变原意等。

• 真题示例:文章中提到 “The researchers found that plants grow best in soil with a pH level between 6.5 and 7.5, and they also need sufficient sunlight and water”,题目 “According to the passage, which of the following is true about plant growth?”,选项A. Plants grow best in soil with a pH level of 8.0(与原文pH值不符) B. Sufficient sunlight and water are necessary for plant growth(符合原文) C. Plants only need water to grow(过于绝对,与原文不符) D. The researchers found that plants grow best in the dark(与原文中需要充足阳光矛盾) ,所以答案是B。

推断题

推断题要求考生在文章原有观点基础上进行逻辑分析,答案必须在原文中有依据。这类题的干扰项常与细节题类似,用和文章局部细节相似的错误描述误导考生。

• 真题示例:文章说 “The number of tourists visiting the small town has been increasing steadily in recent years, and more hotels are being built”,题目 “It can be inferred from the passage that”,选项A. The small town will become a big city soon(过度推断) B. The tourism industry in the small town is developing(从游客增加和建更多酒店可合理推断) C. There were no hotels in the small town before(原文未提及) D. The small town will stop building hotels in the future(无法从原文推出) ,故答案是B。

结构题

结构题在SSAT阅读中难度较高,综合考查考生对文章的细致阅读与理解能力,主要包括上下文关联题、指代题、段落作用与段落主旨句概括、推测题等。解答时要锁定关键词及其语境,留意总结性词汇、短语及转折连词,寻找上下文承上启下的过渡句。

• 真题示例:文章中 “This new discovery, however, challenges the previous theory. It shows that...”,题目问 “The word 'It' in line X refers to”,根据前文可知,“It”指代的是“new discovery” 。再比如问某一段落的作用,需结合该段与上下文的关系,若该段是举例,那作用可能就是论证前文观点等。

面对SSAT阅读考试,考生们要熟悉各类题型特点,通过大量练习真题,不断总结答题技巧,提升阅读速度和理解能力,才能在考试中取得理想成绩。