【每日三句】雅思阅读长难句——定语从句

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每日三句，举一反三，搞定雅思阅读长难句。

以下内容节选至《雅思阅读词句一本通》第4章

如何学习长难句？建议你按照下面的步骤进行：1 学习例句前的知识点2 尝试独立分析例句的句子结构，并理解翻译句子3 看例句分析，找出自身问题所在4 复习内化，确保能独立分析并理解句子，背诵生词

今日三句——定语从句

什么是定语从句？

在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句。定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面。

比如：

things that we had to ignore中划线部分是定语从句，that指代其前面的things，译为：一些我们不得不忽略的事。

【练习】找出下面短语中的定语从句部分：

a park that was designated as a protected area 90 years ago

the medicines they require for biological and physiological purposes

【解析】划线部分是定语从句，用来修饰前面的名词

a park that was designated as a protected area 90 years ago

翻译：一个在90年前被指定为保护区的公园

the medicines they require for biological and physiological purposes

翻译：他们所需要的用作生物和生理用途的药

雅思阅读中还有一个常见的含有定语从句的句型：

the way + 从句（有时候也会用到the way + in which引导的从句）

翻译为：…的方式

比如：

the way scientists conduct research

the way play causes unusual connections in the animal’s brain

the way ecologies are classified by agroecologists

the way in which this is not a typical book about mathematics

【解析】划线部分是后置定语，用来修饰前面的the way

the way scientists conduct research

翻译：科学家们做研究的方式

the way play causes unusual connections in the animal’s brain

玩耍在动物大脑中造成的与众不同的连接的方式

the way ecologies are classified by agroecologists

农业生态学家给生态分类的方式

the way in which this is not a typical book about mathematics

体现出这不是一本典型的数学书的方面

例句：（想学习更多例句，请参考“《一本通》”）

1. Smells that are considered to be offensive in some cultures may be perfectly acceptable in others. C8T2P3

5. Turning her attention to minerals, she found her interest drawn to pitchblende, a mineral whose radioactivity, superior to that of pure uranium, could be explained only by the presence in the ore of small quantities of an unknown substance of very high activity. C9T4P1

6. In other words, they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the range of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social, economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests. C4T1P1

例句分析：

1. Smells that are considered to be offensive in some cultures may be perfectly acceptable in others.

Smells that are considered to be offensive in some cultures may be perfectly acceptable in others.

结构化表达：sth may be perfectly acceptable，意思是：某事可以完全被人所接受。

that are considered to be offensive in some cultures是定语从句，用来修饰smells，译为：在有些文化中被认为是具有冒犯性（的一些气味）。

参考译文：在有些文化中被认为是具有冒犯性的一些气味，到了其它文化中可能就变得可以完全被人所接受。

2. Turning her attention to minerals, she found her interest drawn to pitchblende, a mineral whose radioactivity, superior to that of pure uranium, could be explained only by the presence in the ore of small quantities of an unknown substance of very high activity.

Turning her attention to minerals, she found her interest drawn to pitchblende, a mineral whose radioactivity, superior to that of pure uranium, could be explained only by the presence in the ore of small quantities of an unknown substance of very high activity.

结构化表达：she found here interest drawn to pitchblende，意思是：她对pitchblende产生了兴趣。

a mineral是同位语，用来解释说明pitchblende；

mineral后面是定语从句，whose指代的是mineral('s)，结构化表达是：whose radioactivity could be explained only by…，译为：这种矿物质的放射性的唯一解释是…；

by后面的结构化表达是：the presence of sth，译为：某物的存在。

superior to that of pure uranium是插入语，起补充说明的作用，译为：（这种矿物质的放射性）要比纯铀更高。

参考译文：随着她把注意力转向矿物质，她对pitchblende产生了兴趣；pitchblende是一种放射性高于纯铀的物质，而它的这种放射性唯一的解释是：在矿石中存在着一种极为稀少的、高度活跃的未知物质。

3. In other words, they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the range of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social, economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests.

In other words, they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the range of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social, economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests.

结构化表达：they gave no indication of an appreciation of either A or B，其中give indication of是固定搭配，意思是：给出…的指示；整个结构的意思是：没有任何迹象表明他们了解A和B。

in which rainforests are important是定语从句，用来修饰前面的ways，译为：热带雨林的重要程度。

which drive the activities是定语从句，用来修饰前面的factors，译为：这些因素导致了一些活动，which are destroying the rainforests是定语从句，用来修饰前面的activities，译为：毁坏森林的一些活动。

参考译文：换言之，没有任何迹象表明他们了解热带雨林的重要性以及导致人们破坏热带雨林背后的复杂的社会、经济以及政治因素。

重难点词汇短语总结：